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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского Университета. Серия XXV. Международные отношения и мировая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov World Politics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-7404</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48015/2076-7404-2022-14-4-98-124</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fmp-158</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ МИРОВОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REGIONAL ISSUES OF WORLD POLITICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможно ли повторение Брекзита во Франции?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Brexit: Could France Follow the Lead?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Благовещенский</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blagoveshchenskii</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Благовещенский Роман Игоревич — аспирант факультета международных отношений.</p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman I. Blagoveshchenskii — PhD Candidate at the School of International Relations.</p><p>7–9 Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">roman10.89@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>124</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Благовещенский Р.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Благовещенский Р.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Blagoveshchenskii R.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/158">https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/158</self-uri><abstract><p>Политики и академические исследователи в большинстве своем сходятся во мнении, что выход Великобритании из Европейского союза, так называемый Брекзит, является уникальным феноменом, который был порожден специфическим сочетанием внутриполитических, экономических и социальных факторов и не может повториться ни в одной другой стране ЕС, по крайней мере в обозримом будущем. В данной статье предпринимается попытка поставить под сомнение подобные утверждения. Автор выдвигает гипотезу, что во Франции евроскептические настроения не меньше, чем в свое время в Великобритании, и что именно в этой стране вполне может состояться следующий референдум о членстве в Евросоюзе. В обоснование этой гипотезы в первой части статьи последовательно рассмотрены основные причины и предпосылки Брекзита. В качестве таковых автор выделяет четыре ключевых обстоятельства: 1) рост недовольства местного населения социальными и экономическими проблемами, которые сторонники Брекзита объясняли притоком дешевой рабочей силы из стран Восточной Европы; 2) опасения относительно возможности утраты национального суверенитета в условиях укрепления власти наднациональных органов ЕС; 3) поддержка Брекзита частью политических элит страны; 4) наличие постимперского синдрома. Во второй части статьи показано, что аналогичные объективные тенденции и общественные настроения существуют и в Пятой республике, хотя и отличаются там особой спецификой. Как в свое время в Великобритании, во Франции определенные слои населения выказывают растущее беспокойство в связи с перспективой утраты национального суверенитета при сокращающемся влиянии на проводимую Брюсселем политику и призывают уменьшить число иммигрантов (главным образом выходцев из Северной Африки).</p><p>При этом во Франции усиливаются позиции не только правого, но и левого евроскептицизма, что делает положение страны уникальным. Всё это накладывает повышенные обязательства на нынешнего президентаевроэнтузиаста Э. Макрона: его провал способен спровоцировать новый системный кризис ЕС, который тот может и не пережить.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Politicians and scholars generally agree that the UK’s withdrawal from the European Union (‘Brexit’) is a unique phenomenon caused by a specific combination of domestic political, economic and social factors, which cannot recur in any other EU country, at least in the foreseeable future. The paper challenges these assumptions by advancing two hypotheses. Firstly, the author argues that Eurosceptic sentiments are almost as common in France as they once were in the UK, and, secondly, that it exactly in France where the next referendum on membership in the European Union could take place. In order to support these hypotheses, in the first section the author examines the main causes and the background of Brexit. The author identifies four key factors: 1) growing discontent of the local population with social and economic issues, which the supporters of Brexit ascribed to the inflow of cheap labor from Eastern Europe; 2) concerns about the possibility of losing national sovereignty as the power of EU supranational bodies increases; 3) support for Brexit on the part of certain political elites; 4) post-imperial syndrome. The second section shows that similar objective trends and public sentiments are developing in France, although can take different forms. As in the UK, certain segments of the French population show growing concern about the prospect of losing national sovereignty given the country’s declining influence within the EU, and call to curb immigration (mainly from North Africa). Additionally, what makes France’s case really unique is that both rightand left-wing eurosceptics are consistently strengthening their influence in the Fifth Republic. All this imposes greater demands on the current president-euroenthusiast E. Macron: his failure may provoke a systemic crisis within the EU, which it might not endure.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Франция</kwd><kwd>евроскептицизм</kwd><kwd>«Национальный фронт»</kwd><kwd>«Национальное объединение»</kwd><kwd>М. Ле Пен</kwd><kwd>«Республиканцы»</kwd><kwd>Ж.-Л. Меланшон</kwd><kwd>выборы 2022 г.</kwd><kwd>Евросоюз</kwd><kwd>евроинтеграция</kwd><kwd>Э. Макрон</kwd><kwd>Брекзит</kwd><kwd>иммиграция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>France</kwd><kwd>Euroscepticism</kwd><kwd>National Front</kwd><kwd>National Rally</kwd><kwd>Le Pen</kwd><kwd>Republicans</kwd><kwd>Melenchon</kwd><kwd>2022 elections</kwd><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>European integration</kwd><kwd>Macron</kwd><kwd>Brexit</kwd><kwd>immigration</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бышок С. Брекзит и евроскептики. Европейцы против ЕС. М.: Книжный мир, 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Byshok S. 2016. Brekzit i evroskeptiki. Evropeitsy protiv ES [Brexit and Eurosceptics. Europeans against the EU]. Moscow, Knizhnii mir Publ. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кавешников Н.Ю. 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