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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского Университета. Серия XXV. Международные отношения и мировая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov World Politics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-7404</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48015/2076-7404-2023-15-3-87-124</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fmp-189</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДОКТРИНА МОНРО И ПАРАДОКСЫ КОЛОНИАЛИЗМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE MONROE DOCTRINE AND THE PARADOXES OF COLONIALISM</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Доктрина малых войн Корпуса морской пехоты США и колониальный опыт европейских держав</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Small Wars Doctrine of the US Marine Corps and Colonial Experience of the European Powers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-7926</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малкин</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malkin</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малкин Станислав Геннадьевич — доктор исторических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой всеобщей истории, права и методики обучения</p><p>443090, Самара, ул. Максима Горького, 65/67</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav G. Malkin — Doctor of Sciences (History), Associate Professor, Head of the Chair of World History, Law and Teaching Methods</p><p>65/67, Maksim Gorky Str., Samara, 443090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.g.malkin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Самарский государственный социально-педагогический университет» (СГСПУ)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>124</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Малкин С.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Малкин С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Malkin S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/189">https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/189</self-uri><abstract><p>Стремительная трансформация современного миропорядка всё чаще возвращает внимание экспертного сообщества к феномену империи (как формы организации политической жизни), а особое место США в этих трансформационных процессах — к истории становления и развития Pax Americana и на уровне идеи, и в сфере реальной политики. Определение роли и значения колониального опыта в проецировании американской военно-политической мощи в конце XIX — начале XXI в. позволяет составить более предметное представление о теории и практике международных отношений как в эпоху «высокого империализма» и мировых войн XX в., так и в период перехода от эпохи глобальных колониальных империй к эпохе ядерных супердержав, а также после холодной войны — в условиях распада биполярной системы и нарастающих противоречий между сторонниками концепции «глобального лидерства» и многополярного мира. В этом контексте данное исследование фокусируется на вопросах осмысления колониального опыта ведущих европейских держав и интервенций с участием армии и Корпуса морской пехоты (КМП) США американскими военными теоретиками в конце XIX — первой половине XX в. Особое внимание уделено концепции «малых войн». На основе широкого массива первоисточников, представленного как работами военных экспертов, непосредственных участников различных контрповстанческих операций в колониях, так и учебными наставлениями и уставами КМП, показана эволюция содержательного наполнения этой концепции от первоначального акцента на сугубо военных проблемах контрпартизанской борьбы в сторону всё большего учета вопросов «борьбы за умы и сердца» местного населения. Автор отмечает синхронность и идентичность общей логики развития военной мысли ведущих колониальных держав межвоенного периода по вопросам поддержания внутренней безопасности на зависимых территориях. США проявляли утилитарный интерес к релевантному опыту глобальных империй в рамках практической реализации доктрины Монро в странах Латинской Америки, рассматривая европейские державы при этом в качестве конкурентов за политическое влияние. В последние годы на фоне обострения межгосударственного соперничества в различных регионах мира наблюдается возрождение интереса политиков и военных теоретиков США к опыту малых войн первой половины ХХ в., поэтому изучение различных форм проецирования американской мощи за рубежом, в том числе на основе осмысления колониального опыта европейских держав, приобретает не только академическое, но и практическое значение.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The rapid transformation of the current world order excites renewed interest of the expert community in the phenomenon of empire (as a form of the organization of political life). And since the United States plays a central role in this transformation, the history of the Pax Americana, its formation and development, both at the level of the idea and in the field of real politics is of particular relevance. The author argues that clarification of the role and significance of the colonial background in the projection of US military-political power in the late 19th — early 21st centuries allows for better understanding of the theory and practice of international relations both in the era of ‘high imperialism’ and world wars of the 20th century, and in the context of transition from global colonial empires to nuclear superpowers. It may also be instrumental in addressing the deepening contradictions between advocates of a ‘global leadership’ concept and proponents of a multipolar world during the post-Cold War period. In this regard, the paper examines the works of the US military theorists of the late 19th − first half of the 20th centuries that focused on the colonial experience of the leading European powers, as well as the experience gained from interventions involving the US Army and Marine Corps. Special emphasis is given to the concept of ‘small wars’. Building on a wide array of primary sources, presented both by the works of military experts, direct participants in various counterinsurgency operations in the colonies, as well as by the teaching materials and field manuals of the US Marine Corps, the author traces the evolution of this concept which implied establishment of external management and/or control through military and police measures. This allows the author to restore the historical genealogy of current models of internal security promoted in American foreign policy in conditions of proliferating, protracted, and increasingly hybrid civil conflicts. The author concludes that in the interwar period the US law enforcement agencies pragmatically implemented the relevant experience of global empires in Latin American countries within the framework of the Monroe Doctrine, while regarding European powers as political rivals. It is noted that conflicting imperatives of asymmetric and conventional threats to US national security urge researchers and practitioners to revisit after a post-Vietnam period of neglect the approaches of colonial empires to the conduct of small wars and to adapt them to modern conditions. The findings broaden the understanding of the modern leading powers’ approaches to internal security models transfer, as well as of its limits.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доктрина Монро</kwd><kwd>Корпус морской пехоты</kwd><kwd>колониальная империя</kwd><kwd>империализм</kwd><kwd>колониализм</kwd><kwd>неоколониализм</kwd><kwd>смена режимов</kwd><kwd>интервенция</kwd><kwd>метрополия</kwd><kwd>малые войны</kwd><kwd>антиповстанчество</kwd><kwd>асимметричный конфликт</kwd><kwd>борьба за умы и сердца</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Британская империя</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Monroe Doctrine</kwd><kwd>Marine Corps</kwd><kwd>colonial empire</kwd><kwd>imperialism</kwd><kwd>colonialism</kwd><kwd>neocolonialism</kwd><kwd>regime change</kwd><kwd>intervention</kwd><kwd>metropolis</kwd><kwd>small wars</kwd><kwd>anti-insurgency</kwd><kwd>asymmetric conflict</kwd><kwd>struggle for hearts and minds</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>British empire</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-18-00011 «Трансферы колониального порядка: модели внутренней безопасности после Великой войны» (http://rscf.ru/project/22-18-00011).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research has been accomplished with a financial support from the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 22-18-00011 (http://rscf.ru/project/22-18-00011).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гобсон Дж.А. 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