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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского Университета. Серия XXV. Международные отношения и мировая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov World Politics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-7404</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fmp-21</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРИЯ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Понятие суверенитета в международно-политических исследованиях в США на рубеже XX–XXI вв.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Concept of Sovereignty in the US International Studies at the Turn of the 21st Century</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Катков</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Katkov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Катков Алексей Дмитриевич — аспирант кафедры новой и новейшей истории стран Европы и Америки исторического факультета</p><p>119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey D. Katkov — PhD Candidate at the Chair for Modern and Contemporary History, School of History</p><p>1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ADKatkov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>127</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова, 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/21">https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/21</self-uri><abstract><p>В конце XX — начале XXI в. в связи с окончанием «холодной войны» и курсом США на построение «нового мирового порядка» в американском научном дискурсе новый импульс к развитию получили исследования проблематики государственного суверенитета. В центре внимания автора статьи находятся взгляды и концепции, сформулированные представителями двух ключевых направлений в теории международных отношений того периода: неолиберального и неореалистского. По мнению автора, на рубеже веков основным трендом в американской политологии было стремление переосмыслить подходы к определению суверенитета, поскольку распространилось мнение, что они уже не отвечают новым постбиполярным реалиям международных отношений. В этой связи обсуждения развернулись вокруг нескольких ключевых проблем. Во-первых, представители обоих направлений сосредоточились на изучении влияния на суверенитет процессов глобализации и интеграции. Во-вторых, большое внимание также уделялось анализу соотношения принципов суверенитета и защиты прав человека. На первый план при этом вышла концепция «гуманитарной интервенции». Автор отмечает, что в рассматриваемый период наблюдалось сближение взглядов на проблемы суверенитета представителей едва ли не всех ключевых направлений в американской внешнеполитической мысли. Так, мнение о неизбежности некоторого ограничения суверенитета было доминирующим как среди неолибералов и конструктивистов, так и среди значительной части неореалистов. Одни эксперты отмечали нескорую, но неизбежную «десуверенизацию» государств в связи с развитием процессов глобализации и интеграции, другие «дробили» качества суверенитета на составные части, третьи, хотя продолжали говорить о непререкаемой важности суверенитета, отмечали необходимость адаптации этого принципа к новым реалиям. Кроме того, практически единодушно американским ученым сообществом было принято мнение о приоритетности прав человека по отношению к принципам суверенитета и невмешательства во внутренние дела других государств. Это вылилось в конечном счете в перемещение проблематики защиты прав человека из внутригосударственной плоскости в международную и в создание концепции «ответственности за защиту», которая увязывала принцип суверенитета не с привилегиями государства, а с его способностью обеспечить соблюдение прав своих граждан. Проведенный в данной статье анализ работ 1990–2000-х годов представляется важным для понимания логики эволюции официальной позиции США по целому ряду ключевых вопросов современной повестки дня, в частности, связанных с проблематикой внешнего вмешательства во внутренние дела других государств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>At the turn of the millennium, as the Cold War ended and the United States were striving to build a unipolar world order, academic debates about the concept of sovereignty gained new momentum in the USA. This paper examines the views on this issue of representatives of the two major schools of international relations theory at the time — neoliberalism and neorealism. The author emphasizes that at the turn of the 21 st century the US academic discourse was dominated by a desire to revise traditional approaches to sovereignty as they were considered unsuitable for new postbipolar international realities. Discussions revolved around few key issues. Firstly, both neorealists and neoliberals focused on the possible implications of globalization and integration processes for the state sovereignty. Secondly, special attention was given to the search of a proper balance between the principle of sovereignty, on the one hand, and the protection of human rights, on the other. It is against this background that the concept of humanitarian intervention came into focus. The author stresses that at that time there appeared to be a certain convergence on the issues of sovereignty between the representatives of almost all key approaches in the US IR studies. For instance, it was a predominant assumption among the neoliberals and constructivists as well as the most part of the neorealists that a limitation of sovereignty was inevitable. Some experts pointed out that the processes of globalization and integration necessarily led to a ‘dilution’ of state sovereignty. Others suggested to decompose the principle of sovereignty into several parts. Still others stressed the indisputable importance of sovereignty as a basic principle, but admitted a necessity to adapt it to the new IR realities. Moreover, the US academic community almost unanimously accepted the priority of human rights over the principle of sovereignty and non-interference in domestic affairs of other states. As a result, the promotion of human rights was considered to be an international responsibility rather than an internal affair of a state. This, in turn, led to the emergence of the concept of ‘responsibility to protect’, which conditioned the state sovereignty not by its inherent rights but by its capacity to effectively protect its citizens’ human rights. This review of sovereignty researches published in 1990s and 2000s seems important for understanding the dynamics of the US official stance on a range of key issues of a current IR agenda, including the problem of foreign interference in internal affairs of other states.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>суверенитет</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>мировой порядок</kwd><kwd>глобализация</kwd><kwd>международное право</kwd><kwd>наднациональные институты</kwd><kwd>вмешательство во внутренние дела</kwd><kwd>постбиполярность</kwd><kwd>гуманитарная интервенция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sovereignty</kwd><kwd>the United States</kwd><kwd>world order</kwd><kwd>globalization</kwd><kwd>international law</kwd><kwd>supranational institutions</kwd><kwd>interference in internal affairs</kwd><kwd>post-bipolarity</kwd><kwd>humanitarian intervention</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кокошин А.А. 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