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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского Университета. Серия XXV. Международные отношения и мировая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov World Politics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-7404</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fmp-22</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ И МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Шанхайская организация сотрудничества после расширения: новые вызовы и перспективы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Shanghai Cooperation Organization after Enlargement: New Challenges and Prospects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефременко</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremenko</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефременко Дмитрий Валерьевич — доктор политических наук, заместитель директора</p><p>117218, Москва, ул. Кржижановского, 15, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Efremenko — Doctor of Sciences (Political Science), Deputy Director</p><p>Krzyzhanovsky st. 15/2, Moscow, 117218</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">efdv2015@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Институт научной информации по общественным наукам Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences, The Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>128</fpage><lpage>159</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова, 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/22">https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/22</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются новые задачи, стоящие перед Шанхайской организацией сотрудничества (ШОС) после присоединения к ней Индии и Пакистана в качестве полноправных членов. Расширение ШОС за счет этих двух государств означает существенное увеличение ее экономического и политического веса, но одновременно привносит в повестку ее работы межгосударственные противоречия, которые прежде имели для организации периферийное значение.</p><p>Особое внимание в статье уделяется расстановке сил внутри ШОС. Автор констатирует, что решающую роль для дальнейшего развития организации будет играть кооперация в рамках треугольника «Россия–Индия–Китай» (РИК). В этом контексте очерчиваются два сценария. Первый предполагает, что российско-китайские и российско-индийские отношения будут развиваться в целом позитивно, однако отношения между Китаем и Индией останутся проблемными. Отмечается, что участие Индии в ШОС, скорее всего, станет еще одним фактором, препятствующим эволюции организации в антизападный геополитический альянс. При благоприятных условиях все три державы смогут формулировать общую позицию по наиболее значимым международным вопросам или своевременно реагировать на кризисные явления в сферах экономики и безопасности. Второй сценарий предполагает поступательное углубление и расширение сотрудничества в формате РИК, базирующееся на общем видении геополитических трансформаций в Большой Евразии. В этом случае можно прогнозировать, что со временем ШОС станет базисом формирования Большого Евразийского партнерства.</p><p>Отдельный сюжетный блок в статье посвящен проблеме безопасности, которая традиционно является одним из приоритетных направлений деятельности ШОС вообще и в регионе Центральной Азии — в частности и которая в условиях расширения организации и возрастания ее геополитической роли приобрела новые измерения. Наибольшее значение в 2018–2019 гг. имели усилия стран ШОС (по отдельности и в рамках организации) по достижению внутриафганского урегулирования в условиях вывода контингентов США и НАТО из Афганистана, равно как и недопущение прорыва экстремистских и террористических групп из северного Афганистана на территорию стран Центральной Азии. Автор приходит к выводу, что в ближайшие годы именно ШОС будет играть ключевую роль в структурировании Большой Евразии и укреплении полицентричного мирового порядка.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper examines new challenges that confront the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) after India and Pakistan have joined it as full-fledged members. This enlargement of the SCO implies a considerable increase in its political and economic weight, as well as additional interstate contradictions, which have previously had a peripheral significance for the SCO.</p><p>In that regard special attention is drawn to the new political dynamics within the SCO. The author argues that cooperation within the Russia-India-China triangle (RIC) will play a decisive role for the SCO development. In this context, two scenarios are outlined. The first one envisages that the Russo-Chinese and Russo-Indian relations will have a positive dynamics while the Chinese-Indian relations will remain troubled. It is stressed that India’s participation in the SCO is likely to become another factor which will prevent the evolution of the Organization into anti-Western geopolitical alliance. Under favorable conditions, all three powers will be able to formulate a common position with regard to the most crucial international issues or to respond promptly to negative tendencies in the economic and security spheres. The second scenario involves a gradual deepening and extension of cooperation in the RIC format based on a common vision of geopolitical transformations within the Greater Eurasia. In this case, it can be assumed that over time the SCO will become the basis for the formation of the Greater Eurasian Partnership.</p><p>Another important topic covered in the paper is a security problem which is a traditional priority of the SCO policy in general and in the Central Asia region in particular. This issue has acquired new dimensions due to the Organization’s enlargement and the growth of its geopolitical role. In 2018–2019 the SCO powers, together and separately, have made a decisive contribution to the settlement of inter-Afghanistan conflict when the US and NATO troops had been withdrawn from Afghanistan. Moreover, it was due to the SCO efforts that the breakthrough of extremist and terrorist groups from Afghanistan to the Central Asia countries was prevented. The author concludes that in the coming years the SCO will play the key role in structuring the Greater Eurasia and strengthening the multipolar world order.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Шанхайская организация сотрудничества</kwd><kwd>безопасность Центральной Азии</kwd><kwd>афганское урегулирование</kwd><kwd>треугольник «Россия–Индия–Китай»</kwd><kwd>геополитические трансформации в Евразии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Shanghai Cooperation Organization</kwd><kwd>Central Asian Security</kwd><kwd>Afghan Settlement</kwd><kwd>Russia-India-China Triangle</kwd><kwd>geopolitical transformations in Eurasia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арис С. Шанхайская организация сотрудничества в материалах и оценках западных исследователей // Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Политология. 2008. № 1. 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