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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского Университета. Серия XXV. Международные отношения и мировая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov World Politics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-7404</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48015/2076-7404-2024-16-3-127-152</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fmp-242</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕМА В ФОКУСЕ: АРКТИКА — ЗОНА КОНФЛИКТА?</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOCAL POINT: THE ARCTIC — A ZONE OF CONFLICT?</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Военная безопасность в Арктике: новые угрозы для России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Military security in the Arctic: New threats to Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7257-6848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конышев</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konyshev</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Конышев Валерий Николаевич — доктор политических наук, профессор кафедры теории и истории международных отношений, факультет международных отношений</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valerii N. Konyshev — Doctor of Sciences (Political Science), Professor at the Chair of International Relations Theory and History, School of International Relations</p><p>7–9 Universitetskaya Embankment, St Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konyshev06@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4683-0611</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергунин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergunin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергунин Александр Анатольевич — доктор политических наук, профессор кафедры теории и истории международных отношений, факультет международных отношений</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Sergunin — Doctor of Sciences (Political Science), Professor at the Chair of International Relations Theory and History, School of International Relations</p><p>7–9 Universitetskaya Embankment, St Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergunin60@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>127</fpage><lpage>152</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Конышев В.Н., Сергунин А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Конышев В.Н., Сергунин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Konyshev V.N., Sergunin A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/242">https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/242</self-uri><abstract><p>В последние годы военно-политическая ситуация в Арктике существенно изменилась. Этот регион стал стремительно утрачивать статус «зоны мира и сотрудничества», превращаясь в арену всё более напряженного межгосударственного соперничества. Знаковым событием в эволюции военно-политической обстановки в Арктике стало присоединение Швеции и Финляндии к НАТО. В данной статье предпринимается попытка выявить причины и движущие силы этих процессов, а также оценить, какие угрозы они таят для национальной безопасности России. В первой части статьи авторы показывают, что страны НАТО, ссылаясь на растущую гибридную угрозу со стороны Российской Федерации, сами развернули активную информационную кампанию в духе гибридной войны, направленную на демонизацию образа России и утверждение в общественном сознании черно-белой картины реальности по типу «игры с нулевой суммой» времен холодной войны. При этом авторы подчеркивают, что такая антироссийская кампания началась задолго до обострения «украинского кризиса»: она является отражением осознания американскими элитами нарастающего снижения влияния США, эрозии «порядка, основанного на правилах». Во второй части статьи проанализированы конкретные шаги, предпринимаемые Соединенными Штатами и их союзниками в целях наращивания своего военно-политического влияния в Арктике, ускоренной милитаризации региона. Особое внимание уделено двусторонним соглашениям о сотрудничестве в области безопасности между США и Норвегией, Швецией, Финляндией и Данией. Согласно данным договорам, Вашингтон получил возможность размещать личный состав, технику и вооружения в этих странах на постоянной основе, проводить военные учения. В этих условиях к основным угрозам военной безопасности России в Арктике, по мнению авторов, следует отнести: наращивание инфраструктуры и размещение в регионе войск США/НАТО; формирование антироссийского блока скандинавских государств под управлением Североатлантического альянса; модернизацию вооруженных сил арктических держав; активизацию военно-морской деятельности стран НАТО в арктических морях. В целом приходится констатировать, что с точки зрения национальных интересов РФ военно-стратегическая обстановка в Арктике значительно ухудшилась. В то же время авторы подчеркивают, что и текущую ситуацию в регионе, и возможные сценарии ее развития в будущем нельзя оценивать в отрыве от рассмотрения общего кризиса международных отношений, замыкаясь лишь на региональных аспектах безопасности. Одновременно с Арктикой военное напряжение нарастает в других регионах мира, также требующих ресурсов Запада для поддержания там своего влияния.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In recent years, the military and political landscape in the Arctic has changed significantly. This region has been rapidly losing the status of a ‘zone for peace and cooperation’, turning into an arena of increasingly intense interstate rivalry. The accession of Sweden and Finland to NATO became a landmark event in the evolution of the military and political situation in the Arctic. This article attempts to identify the causes and driving forces behind these processes, as well as to assess the threats they pose to Russia’s national security. In the first section the authors argue that the NATO countries under the pretext of the growing hybrid threat from the Russian Federation have themselves launched an active information campaign in the spirit of hybrid warfare aimed at demonizing Russia and enforcing on public a Cold War-style black-and-white picture of reality as a ‘zero-sum game’. Moreover, the authors emphasize that this anti-Russian campaign began long before the aggravation of the ‘Ukrainian crisis’. As such, it reflects the American elites’ awareness of the growing decline in the U.S. influence and the erosion of the ‘rules-based order’. The second section examines the specific steps taken by the United States and its allies in order to build up their military and political potential in the Arctic and accelerate the militarization of the region. Special attention is paid to the bilateral agreements on security cooperation between the United States and Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Denmark. According to these agreements, Washington was able to deploy personnel, equipment and weapons in these countries on a permanent basis and conduct military exercises. In these conditions, the main threats to Russia’s military security in the Arctic, according to the authors, include: deployment of the U.S. / NATO military infrastructure and troops in the region; the formation of an anti-Russian bloc of Scandinavian states under the control of the alliance; modernization of the Arctic powers’ armed forces; intensification of naval activities of NATO countries in the Arctic seas. In general, the military-strategic situation in the Arctic has already deteriorated significantly with regard to the national interests of the Russian Federation. However, the authors stress that both the current situation in the region and possible scenarios for its future development cannot be assessed in isolation from the general crisis of international relations, focusing solely on regional aspects of security. Apart from the Arctic, tensions are growing in other regions of the world, which also requires the West to allocate there more resources in order to maintain its influence.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Арктика</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>НАТО</kwd><kwd>военная безопасность</kwd><kwd>угрозы</kwd><kwd>внешняя политика</kwd><kwd>стратегия</kwd><kwd>гибридная война</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Arctic</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>NATO</kwd><kwd>military security</kwd><kwd>threats</kwd><kwd>foreign policy</kwd><kwd>strategy</kwd><kwd>hybrid warfare</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено в рамках проекта № 116233367 «Развитие Северного морского пути как части “синей” экономики Арктической зоны Российской Федерации» по линии Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The research was funded by St. Petersburg State University under Project No. 116233367.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евменов Н.А., Пучнин В.В., Ещенко Я.В. 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