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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского Университета. Серия XXV. Международные отношения и мировая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov World Politics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-7404</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48015/2076-7404-2025-17-1-141-161</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fmp-272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НА ЗАРЕ PAX AMERICANA</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AT THE DAWN OF PAX AMERICANA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Будущее колониальной системы в оценках экспертов Совета по международным отношениям во время Второй мировой войны</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The future of the colonial system as assessed by experts of the Council on Foreign Relations during the Second World War</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7431-4673</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестеров</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нестеров Дмитрий Александрович — кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры всеобщей истории, права и методики обучения; старший преподаватель кафедры истории и социально-политических дисциплин,</p><p>443099, г. Самара, ул. М. Горького, 65/67;</p><p>443081, г. Самара, ул. Стара Загора, 76.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Nesterov — PhD (History), Associate Professor at the Chair of World History, Law and Teaching Methods; Senior Lecturer at the Chair of History and Socio-Political Disciplines, </p><p>65/67, Maksim Gorky Str., Samara, 443090;</p><p>76, Stara Zagora street, Samara, 443081.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitriynesterov1994@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Самарский государственный социально-педагогический университет»; Самарский филиал Государственного автономного образовательного  учреждения высшего образования города Москвы «Московский городской педагогический университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education; Samara Campus of Moscow City University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>141</fpage><lpage>161</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нестеров Д.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нестеров Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nesterov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/272">https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/272</self-uri><abstract><p>В годы Второй мировой войны проблема колоний занимала одно из ключевых мест в противостоянии антигитлеровской коалиции странам «оси», она же оказалась в центре обсуждения союзниками перспектив послевоенного мирового устройства. В этом контексте особого внимания заслуживают взгляды представителей американского экспертного сообщества, аффилированных с Советом по международным отношениям. Объединив правительственных чиновников, финансистов, промышленников, юристов с Уолл-стрит и преподавателей университетов Лиги плюща, Совет превратился в уникальную экспертную площадку, которая оказывала значительное влияние не только на ход общественно-политических дискуссий по вопросу о будущем миропорядке, но и непосредственно на процесс принятия внешнеполитических решений в США. В настоящей статье предпринята попытка выявить особенности взглядов экспертов на перспективы развития и трансформации колониальной системы после Второй мировой войны. В первом разделе дано подробное описание членов Совета, принявших активное участие в обсуждении этих вопросов. Во втором разделе обозначены два основных подхода экспертов Совета к решению колониального вопроса, предполагавших соответственно либо реформирование существующей колониальной системы, либо ее значительную ревизию. При этом, как отмечает автор, все эксперты признавали неизбежным существенное ослабление позиций европейских метрополий к моменту окончания Второй мировой войны и указывали на необходимость активизации политики США в колониальном вопросе, не в последнюю очередь для парирования возможной угрозы со стороны СССР. В то же время, как показано в третьем разделе, эксперты Совета также высказывали определенные опасения, что проникновение американского капитала в бывшие европейские колонии сопряжено с экономическими рисками, которые могут превысить возможные дивиденды. Автор заключает, что хотя большая часть рассмотренных прогнозов и рекомендаций носила весьма общий и размытый характер, Совет в целом смог верно спрогнозировать развитие тенденций к деколонизации и в годы войны в очередной раз подтвердил статус одной из самых авторитетных экспертных площадок по вопросам международных отношений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>During World War II, the colonial issue was at the forefront of both the fight of the anti-Hitler coalition against the Axis powers and the inter-allied discussion of the prospects for the post-war world order. In this context, the perspectives of the U.S. experts affiliated with the Council on Foreign Relations deserve special attention. Having brought together government officials, bankers, industrialists, Wall Street lawyers, and Ivy League professors, the Council turned into a unique expert platform that exerted a significant influence not only on the course of public discussions about the future world order, but also on the foreign policy decision-making in the United States itself. This article identifies the specific features of experts’ perspectives on the prospects of the development and transformation of the colonial system after World War II. The first section profiles the Council’s members who actively participated in the discussion of these issues. The second section outlines the two main approaches of the Council’s experts to resolving the colonial issue, which involved either reforming the existing colonial system or significantly revising it. At the same time, as the author notes, all experts recognized that the positions of the European colonial powers would be inevitably weakened by the end of World War II and emphasized the need for the U.S. to play a more active role in the colonial issue, not least to counter a possible threat from the USSR. That said, some experts also voiced certain concerns that the inflow of American capital into the former European colonies would be fraught with economic risks that could exceed potential benefits. The author concludes that although most of the forecasts and recommendations considered were fairly general and vague, the Council in general was able to correctly predict the decolonization trend and during the war years reaffirmed its status as one of the most authoritative expert platforms on international relations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аналитический центр</kwd><kwd>фабрика мысли</kwd><kwd>Совет по международным отношениям</kwd><kwd>деколонизация</kwd><kwd>колониализм</kwd><kwd>колониальная система</kwd><kwd>империализм</kwd><kwd>антиколониализм</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Британская империя</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>analysis center</kwd><kwd>think tank</kwd><kwd>Council on Foreign Relations</kwd><kwd>decolonization</kwd><kwd>colonialism</kwd><kwd>colonial system</kwd><kwd>imperialism</kwd><kwd>anti-colonialism</kwd><kwd>United States</kwd><kwd>British Empire</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 2218-00011-П «Трансферы колониального порядка: модели внутренней безопасности после Великой войны» (http://rscf.ru/project/22-18-00011).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research has been accomplished with a financial support from the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 22-18-00011-P (http://rscf.ru/project/22-18-00011).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брагинский М.И. 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