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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского Университета. Серия XXV. Международные отношения и мировая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov World Politics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-7404</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fmp-28</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНОСТРАННАЯ ПОМОЩЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOREIGN ASSISTANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Участие «традиционных» доноров в содействии развитию сектора информационно-коммуникационных технологий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Traditional Donors in Information and Communi-  cation Sector Development Assistance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гомбоин</surname><given-names>З. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gomboin</surname><given-names>Z. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гомбоин Зорикто Эрдэниевич — аспирант кафедры международных организаций и мировых политических процессов факультета мировой политики МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова, эксперт Центра проблем безопасности и развития ФМП МГУ, инженер по международно-правовой защите второй категории Научно-исследовательского института радио</p><p>119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1105064, Москва, ул. Казакова, 16 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zorikto E. Gomboin — PhD Candidate at the Chair of International Organizations and World Political Processes, School of World Politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Expert of the Center for Security and Development Studies, International Legal Protection Engineer II at the Radio Research and Development Institute</p><p>Leninskie gory 1, 119991, MoscowKazakova 16, 105094, Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gomboin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова; Научно-исследовательский институт радио</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University; Radio Research and Development Institute</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>136</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гомбоин З.Э., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гомбоин З.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gomboin Z.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/28">https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/28</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены результаты мониторинга новейших тенденций в деятельности «традиционных» доноров по предоставлению официальной помощи развитию (ОПР) в секторе информационно-коммуникационных технологий (ИКТ). Оценены основные количественные показатели соответствующих потоков помощи и динамика их изменения за последние два десятилетия, исследовано распределение ОПР между отдельными донорами и реципиентами, а также затронуты проблемы «связанности» и обусловленности оказываемой помощи. Исследование проведено на основе данных Комитета по содействию развитию ОЭСР на проектном уровне за 1995–2017 гг. Выделяются три основных донора: Япония, Республика Корея и США. Для Японии и Республики Корея приоритетными партнерами — реципиентами помощи в секторе ИКТ выступают ближайшие соседи — страны Восточной и Южной Азии (Вьетнам, Шри-Ланка и др.). Американская ОПР в свою очередь нацелена прежде всего на страны, где Соединенные Штаты и их союзники осуществили вооруженную смену режима, такие как Ирак и Афганистан, а также, в меньшей степени, на союзнический Египет. Несмотря на снижение уровня «связанности» объемов ОПР в целом, в секторе ИКТ этот показатель, вероятно, останется в пределах текущих значений. В целом в статье доказывается, что «традиционные» доноры, за исключением Японии и Республики Корея, в определенный момент сделали сознательный выбор в пользу предоставления помощи по многосторонним каналам, таким как институты Европейского союза и Всемирный банк. Этот выбор связан с неэффективностью многих проектов и программ в секторе ИКТ, что побуждает доноров диверсифицировать риски, переложив ответственность за возможные провалы на международные организации. В то же время появление «нетрадиционных» доноров, в первую очередь Китая, борьба за рынки сбыта посредством механизмов «связывания» помощи, а также сохраняющееся стремление оказать влияние на внутреннюю политическую повестку реципиентов могут послужить детерминантами для возвращения «традиционных» доноров в сектор ИКТ, в особенности в контексте нарастающего технологического соперничества по развертыванию сетей пятого поколения (5G).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper examines activities of ‘traditional’ donors of official development assistance (ODA) in the information and communication technologies (ICTs) sector. The author assesses the major quantitative parameters of aid flows and their dynamics for the past two decades, examines the distribution of aid across donor and recipient countries, as well as considers the issues of tied aid and conditionality. The research is based on the OECD DAC data at the project level for the period 1995–2007. The author identifies three major donors: Japan, the Republic of Korea, and the United States. For Japan and the Republic of Korea the key partners and recipients in the ICTs sector include their closest neighbours — the Southeast Asian countries (Vietnam, Sri Lanka, etc.) As for the United States development assistance, it is primarily distributed to those states where the US and its allies have imposed regime change (Iraq and Afghanistan) or, to a lesser extent, to their strategic partners, such as Egypt. The author notes that the overall trend towards further untying of aid is unlikely to have a significant impact on the ICTs sector. The author also emphasizes that traditional donors, with the exception of Japan and the Republic of Korea, tend to favour funding assistance through multilateral channels, such as various European Union institutions and the World Bank. This trend may be explained by the ineffectiveness of many ICTs development assistance projects, which forces donors to diversify risks by shifting the responsibility for possible failures on the international organizations. However, the author concludes that the emergence of non-traditional donors, especially China, the use of tied aid as a means to capture new markets, as well as the constant desire to influence the domestic policies of recipient countries, may draw attention of the traditional donors back to the ICTs sector, especially considering the increasing competition in the 5G marketplace.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>содействие международному развитию</kwd><kwd>СМР</kwd><kwd>официальная помощь развитию</kwd><kwd>ОПР</kwd><kwd>информационно-коммуникационные технологии</kwd><kwd>ИКТ</kwd><kwd>ИКТ для развития</kwd><kwd>«традиционные» доноры</kwd><kwd>«нетрадиционные» доноры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>international development assistance</kwd><kwd>official development assistance</kwd><kwd>ODA</kwd><kwd>information and communication technologies</kwd><kwd>ICTs</kwd><kwd>ICT4D</kwd><kwd>traditional donors</kwd><kwd>new donors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ашмянская И.С. 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