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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского Университета. Серия XXV. Международные отношения и мировая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov World Politics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-7404</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48015/2076-7404-2025-17-2-145-176</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fmp-289</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL SECURITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Переговоры по иранской ядерной программе: феномен СВПД, современное состояние и перспективы развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Negotiations on the Iranian nuclear program: Phenomenon of the JCPOA, current status, and prospects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шестакова Софья Сергеевна — аспирант кафедры международной безопасности факультета мировой политики </p><p> 119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofya S. Shestakova — PhD Candidate at the Chair of International Security </p><p>1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shestak.sonya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>145</fpage><lpage>176</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шестакова С.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шестакова С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shestakova S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/289">https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/289</self-uri><abstract><p> В условиях роста нестабильности и конфликтности в современных международных отношениях усиливается деградация международных режимов, в частности режима нераспространения ядерного оружия. Яркой иллюстрацией этой тенденции стал углубляющийся кризис вокруг иранской ядерной программы (ИЯП), который не только подрывает международную безопасность, но и приобретает особое региональное измерение на фоне эскалации палестино-израильского конфликта. В этом контексте особую актуальность приобретает изучение характера и содержания дипломатических усилий, направленных на мирное урегулирование ситуации вокруг ИЯП в преддверии истечения срока рассмотрения иранского ядерного досье в Совете Безопасности ООН. Цель настоящей статьи заключается в выявлении специфики переговорного процесса по ИЯП, его основополагающих принципов и механизмов, а также в изучении проблем и перспектив дальнейшего развития ситуации вокруг ИЯП в современных условиях. Опираясь на неоинституциональный подход к анализу международных отношений, автор приходит к выводу, что Совместный всеобъемлющий план действий (СВПД) следует рассматривать как элемент уникальной переговорной системы, включающей ряд формальных и неформальных норм и практик, которую можно обобщенно обозначить понятием «дух СВПД». Однако вскоре после одобрения СВПД эта переговорная система оказалась в состоянии кризиса. В статье под  робно рассмотрены проблемы, которые фактически завели переговоры по ИЯП в тупик. В частности, отмечается, что отсутствие прогресса в урегулировании ситуации вокруг ИЯП на текущем этапе обусловлено политизацией переговорного процесса и кризисом доверия между его сторонами, восстановлением санкционного режима в отношении Ирана и введением последним дополнительных требований в адрес США и стран «евротройки», а также превышением технических показателей ИЯП и израильским фактором. В этом контексте автор обозначает три сценария развития ситуации вокруг ИЯП в контексте перспектив иранской ядерной сделки: восстановление СВПД в первоначальном виде; его частичную ревизию либо невозможность его реставрации. Автор полагает, что ввиду неблагоприятной международно-политической конъюнктуры ситуация вокруг СВПД в краткосрочной перспективе будет развиваться в логике третьего сценария. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The growing instability and conflict in contemporary world politics result in the further erosion of international regimes, particularly those of nuclear nonproliferation. A vivid illustration of this trend is the deepening crisis over Iran’s nuclear program (INP), which not only undermines international security but also acquires a special regional dimension against the backdrop of the escalating Palestinian-Israeli conflict. This context, as well as the pending deadline for the review of Iran’s nuclear dossier in the UN Security Council, makes the study of the  nature and content of the diplomatic efforts aimed at a peaceful settlement of the situation around the INP particularly relevant. This article identifies the specific features of the INP negotiation process, its core principles, and mechanisms, and examines the problems and prospects of further developments around the INP under the current conditions. Building on the neo-institutional approach to international studies, the author concludes that the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) should be considered an element of a unique negotiation system that encompasses a range of formal and informal norms and practices and can be generally denoted as ‘JCPOA spirit’. However, this system fell into a crisis shortly after the Iran nuclear deal was approved. This article delves into the problems that have effectively led the INP negotiations to an impasse. The author concludes that the lack of progress in resolving the situation around the INP at the current stage is attributed to a number of factors, including the politicization of the negotiation process, the credibility gap between its parties, the reenactment of sanctions against Iran and the introduction of additional demands by the latter on the U.S. and the E3 countries, as well as the breach of the INP specifications and the ‘Israeli’ factor. In this context, the author outlines three scenarios for the developments around Iran’s nuclear dossier given the prospects of the Iran nuclear deal: restoration of the JCPOA in its original form, its partial revision, or failure to revive the arrangement. The author argues that given the unfavorable international political environment, the situation around the JCPOA will develop under the third scenario in the short run. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>СВПД</kwd><kwd>иранская ядерная сделка</kwd><kwd>иранская ядерная программа</kwd><kwd>Иран</kwd><kwd>нераспространение ядерного оружия</kwd><kwd>«евротройка»</kwd><kwd>Группа «5+1»</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Израиль</kwd><kwd>МАГАТЭ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>JCPOA</kwd><kwd>Iran nuclear deal</kwd><kwd>Iran’s nuclear program</kwd><kwd>Iran</kwd><kwd>nuclear nonproliferation</kwd><kwd>E3</kwd><kwd>P5+1</kwd><kwd>United States</kwd><kwd>Israel</kwd><kwd>IAEA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арбатов А.Г. Иранский ядерный узел // Современная Европа. 2007. № 1 (29). 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