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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского Университета. Серия XXV. Международные отношения и мировая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov World Politics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-7404</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fmp-29</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВЫЗОВЫ ПОСТКОНФЛИКТНОГО ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHALLENGES OF POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Содействие выходу из внутреннего вооруженного конфликта и постконфликтному развитию на примере отношений Колумбии и США (Часть 1)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Promoting Internal Armed Conflict Resolution and Peacebuilding: The Case of the US–Colombia Relations (Part I)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манухин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manukhin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Манухин Алексей Анатольевич — кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник Центра политических исследований Института Латинской Америки РАН; старший научный сотрудник Центра региональных проблем Института США и Канады РАН</p><p>123995, Москва, Хлебный пер., 2/3115035, Москва, ул. Большая Ордынка, 21/16 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Manukhin — PhD (History), Senior Research Fellow, Centre of Political Studies, Institute for Latin American Studies; Senior Research Fellow, Centre for Regional Problems, Institute for the U.S. and Canadian Studies</p><p>115035, Moscow, Bolshaya Ordynka str., 21/16121069, Moscow, Khlebny per., 2/3 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">warcraftdouble@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Институт Соединенных Штатов Америки и Канады Российской академии наук»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Институт Латинской Америки Российской академии наук»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Latin American Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute for the U.S. and Canadian Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>137</fpage><lpage>171</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Манухин А.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Манухин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Manukhin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/29">https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/29</self-uri><abstract><p>Вопросы мирного урегулирования внутренних конфликтов и постконфликтного восстановления в последние годы привлекают повышенное внимание как ведущих государств и международных организаций, так и академического сообщества. Исследователи сходятся во мнении, что одну из главных трудностей в решении задачи по выводу государства из состояния внутреннего вооруженного конфликта представляют определение и ликвидация его объективных причин и предпосылок. Эта проблема дополнительно усложняется в случае интернационализации внутреннего конфликта, вовлечения в него в той или иной форме внешних сил. В этом отношении пример Колумбии представляется особенно интересным. В данной статье предпринимается попытка проанализировать логику и основные этапы взаимодействия правительств Колумбии и США по вопросам прекращения внутреннего вооруженного конфликта в этой латиноамериканской стране, рассмотрев его на достаточно протяженном хронологическом отрезке: с середины 1960-х до конца 2000-х годов. В статье исследованы причины, обусловившие начало вооруженного конфликта в Колумбии, его ключевые участники и их цели. Показано, что масштабы и формы помощи, которую Вашингтон оказывал правительству Колумбии в борьбе с оппозицией, находились в тесной зависимости как от развития ситуации внутри этой страны, так и от эволюции стратегических установок внешней политики США в целом. Так, если первоначально помощь колумбийскому правительству со стороны Соединенных Штатов была обусловлена их стремлением не допустить роста влияния в регионе леворадикальных сил и движений, то после включения Вашингтоном в 1980-е годы борьбы с наркотрафиком в число приоритетных направлений обеспечения национальной безопасности новой доктринальной основой региональной политики стала «война с наркотиками». Этапным событием в развитии двусторонних отношений было принятие «Плана Колумбия». В статье подробно освещены итоги и последствия реализации данного плана. Следующим переломным моментом в развитии двустороннего взаимодействия по вопросам прекращения внутреннего вооруженного конфликта в Колумбии стало начало 2000-х годов, ознаменовавшееся террористическими актами 11 сентября, провалом переговоров между колумбийским правительством и оппозицией и проведением в Колумбии политики «демократической безопасности». Под воздействием этих событий произошло новое сближение подходов двух стран по вопросам обеспечения безопасности и прекращения конфликта. Стала вырисовываться новая модель отношений, в которой двустороннее партнерство превращалось в стратегический союз. В то же время, как подчеркивает автор, непосредственное влияние этих мер на мирный процесс еще должно было пройти испытание временем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In recent years the issues of peaceful resolution of internal armed conflicts and post-conflict reconstruction have increasingly attracted attention of both the leading states and international organizations and the academic community. Researchers agree that it is the identification and elimination of the underlying causes and triggers of conflict that represent one of the major challenges to the states emerging from the internal armed conflicts. The challenge is all the more complex when the internal conflict is internationalized and involves some external actors. In that regard the case of Colombia is of special interest. The paper covers a relatively long period — from mid-1960s to the end of 2000s — and examines the key stages and areas of the United States-Colombia cooperation aimed at the cessation of hostilities in the latter. The paper identifies the underlying causes of the armed conflict in Colombia, its key participants and their goals. The author shows that the forms and the scope of the U.S. assistance to the Colombian government were strongly linked to the evolution of both the situation in that country and the strategic priorities of the US foreign policy in general. While initially the US assistance was determined by the desire to counter the growing influence of the leftist parties and movements in the region, the prioritization of the fight against drug trafficking in the national security strategy in the 1980s resulted in the re-orientation of the US regional policies to the war on drugs. The adoption of the Plan Colombia served as a milestone in the development of the bilateral relations. The paper examines in detail the consequences and results of implementation of this plan. The beginning of the 2000s was yet another pivotal point in the development of bilateral interaction aimed at cessation of hostilities, marked by the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the failure of negotiations between the Colombian government and the opposition, and the implementation of a ‘democratic security’ policy. All this contributed to the convergence of the two governments’ views on security issues and conflict resolution. A new modus vivendi emerged as bilateral partnership was transforming into strategic alliance. However, the author emphasizes, that implications of these new developments on the peace process were yet to be discovered.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внутренний вооруженный конфликт</kwd><kwd>постконфликтное восстановление</kwd><kwd>Колумбия</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>внешняя помощь</kwd><kwd>«неустойчивые государства»</kwd><kwd>наркотрафик</kwd><kwd>«План Колумбия»</kwd><kwd>«демократическая безопасность»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>internal armed conflict</kwd><kwd>post-conflict reconstruction</kwd><kwd>Colombia</kwd><kwd>the United States</kwd><kwd>foreign aid</kwd><kwd>fragile states</kwd><kwd>drug trafficking</kwd><kwd>Plan Colombia</kwd><kwd>democratic security</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абакумова И.В., Рядинская Е.Н. 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