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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского Университета. Серия XXV. Международные отношения и мировая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov World Politics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-7404</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fmp-4</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕМА В ФОКУСЕ: ДИЛЕММЫ КИБЕРБЕЗОПАСНОСТИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOCAL POINT: DILEMMAS OF CYBERSECURITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблема применения категории «стрессоустойчивость» в политике кибербезопасности Евросоюза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The European Union Cybersecurity Policy: Operationalization of the Resilience Concept</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Романова Татьяна Алексеевна — кандидат политических наук, доцент</p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская набережная, 7/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Romanova — PhD (Political Science), Associate Professor</p><p>7/9 Universitetskaya embankment, Saint-Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.romanova@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малова Алёна Николаевна — аспирантка</p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская набережная, 7/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alyona N. Malova — PhD Candidate</p><p>7/9 Universitetskaya embankment, Saint-Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alenamalova5@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова, 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4">https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4</self-uri><abstract><p>Особая природа киберсреды — взаимозависимость между материальными и социальными объектами, сложность организации заставляет ведущих субъектов мировой политики искать новые стратегии ведения своей деятельности в этой области. В Европейском союзе обсуждение проблем кибербезопасности ведется с опорой на категорию «стрессоустойчивость», которая в этом контексте рассматривается как способность системы адаптироваться к новым вызовам, гибко реагировать на угрозы, успешно восстанавливаться после ударов. В данной статье с помощью дискурс-анализа изучены причины появления и логика развития дискурса стрессоустойчивости в политике ЕС в области кибербезопасности, выявлены особенности интерпретации данной категории в официальных документах, продемонстрированы проблемы, сопряженные с ее применением на практике.</p><p>Авторы прослеживают постепенную эволюцию подходов ЕС к определению объекта кибербезопасности — от традиционных интерпретаций киберпространства к экосистемным терминам и концепциям. Последние, как отмечено в статье, в наибольшей степени соответствуют пониманию кибербезопасности в категориях стрессоустойчивости. В рамках такого подхода интернет предстает не как статичный объект, который нужно контролировать и защищать, а как сложная гетерогенная система, где состояние безопасности неразрывно связано с состояниями опасности.</p><p>В официальных документах ЕС пока не сложилось единой и четкой дефиниции стрессоустойчивости. Тем не менее, как подчеркивают авторы, и в этой области можно проследить постепенную трансформацию официального дискурса от чисто технических определений ко все большему учету социально-политических факторов. Впрочем, официальный дискурс ЕС в этом отношении остается крайне противоречивым. В частности, это касается определения соотношения таких понятий, как «киберстрессоустойчивость» и «кибербезопасность». Авторы отмечают тенденцию к нарастающей секьюритизации киберсферы в дискурсе ЕС о кибербезопасности, что чревато выхолащиванием понятия «стрессоустойчивость», превращением его в простой эвфемизм. Однако в конечном счете, приходят к выводу авторы статьи, чрезмерная секьюритизация киберсферы невыгодна самому ЕС, и постепенно его политика в области кибербезопасности будет все более последовательно выстраиваться на принципах стрессоустойчивости.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The unique nature of cyberspace, characterized by interdependence between material and social objects as well as the complexity of its structures, urges leading actors of world politics to seek new strategies of organizing their activities within this area. In the European Union, cybersecurity issues are debated on the basis of the resilience category. In this context the latter is understood as a system’s ability to adjust to new challenges, flexibly respond to threats, and successfully recover after blows. Using a discourse analysis approach the authors examine the genesis of the resilience discourse and the logic of its development in the EU cybersecurity policy, reveal nuances of how this category is interpreted in official documents as well as point out difficulties regarding practical application of this category.</p><p>The authors trace a gradual evolution of the EU approach towards cybersecurity from the well-established definitions of cyberspace to the ecosystem terms and concepts, which are particularly relevant to the resilience-based concept of cybersecurity. Within this approach, the Internet is considered not as a static object but as a complex heterogeneous system where a state of security is inextricably linked to a state of insecurity.</p><p>There is no single and coherent definition of resilience in the EU official documents yet. Nevertheless, it is stressed that one can see a gradual transformation of the official discourse from purely technical definitions to inclusion of a wider range of socio-political factors. However, the EU official discourse on this issue remains highly controversial. This refers, for instance, to the lack of a unified understanding of the ‘cyberresilience’ and ‘cybersecurity’ concepts. The authors highlight a tendency towards increasing securitization of the cybersphere in the EU cybersecurity discourse, which might lead to the narrowing of the concept of ‘cyberresilience’ and its transformation into a common euphemism. At the same time the authors conclude that the EU itself is not interested in oversecuritization of the cybersphere, and thus the EU cybersecurity policy will eventually evolve towards resilience-based approaches.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Европейский союз</kwd><kwd>стрессоустойчивость</kwd><kwd>кибербезопасность</kwd><kwd>киберугрозы</kwd><kwd>киберстрессоустойчивость</kwd><kwd>киберэкосистема</kwd><kwd>секьюритизация</kwd><kwd>критическая информационная инфраструктура</kwd><kwd>Европейское агентство по сетевой и информационной безопасности</kwd><kwd>ENISA</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>the European Union</kwd><kwd>resilience</kwd><kwd>cybersecurity</kwd><kwd>cyberthreats</kwd><kwd>cyberresilience</kwd><kwd>cyberecosystem</kwd><kwd>securitization</kwd><kwd>Critical Information Infrastructure</kwd><kwd>European Union Agency for Network and Information Security</kwd><kwd>ENISA</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена за счет гранта Российского научного фонда, проект № 17-18-01110.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation according to the research project 17-18-01110.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гудалов Н., Тулупов Д. 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