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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского Университета. Серия XXV. Международные отношения и мировая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov World Politics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-7404</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fmp-67</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ МИРОВОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REGIONAL ISSUES OF WORLD POLITICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Евроскептицизм во Франции: история и современность</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Euroscepticism in France: Past and Present</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Благовещенский</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blagoveshchenskii</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Благовещенский Роман Игоревич – аспирант факультета международных отношений </p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7-9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman I. Blagoveshchenskii – PhD Candidate at the School of International Relations</p><p>13B Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">roman10.89@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>142</fpage><lpage>164</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Благовещенский Р.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Благовещенский Р.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Blagoveshchenskii R.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/67">https://fmp.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/67</self-uri><abstract><p>Референдум о членстве Великобритании в ЕС, закончившийся победой сторонников «Брекзита», стал одним из самых обсуждаемых международно-политических событий 2016 г. и заставил политиков и ученых совершенно по-новому взглянуть на перспективы развития европейской интеграции. В этой связи особый интерес представляет пример Франции. Как отмечает автор, несмотря на то что эта страна является одной из стран-основательниц всех европейских объединений, – Париж никогда не был легким партнером в отношениях с Брюсселем, а евроскептицизм пустил во Франции глубокие корни. В данной статье предпринята попытка проанализировать историю возникновения и последующую эволюцию французского евроскептицизма, а также выявить особенности современного положения евроскептических партий во Франции. В этой связи автор подчеркивает, что если обычно евроскептицизм ассоциируется с крайне правыми и националистическими политическими силами, то во Франции в евроскептических кругах существует и мощное левое течение. Движение «Непокоренная Франция», возглавляемое Жаном-Люком Меланшоном, который получил на последних выборах впечатляющие 18% голосов, жестко критикует Брюссель и не исключает полного выхода из Евросоюза. В статье отмечается также общая тенденция к росту поляризованности французского общества, которая сопровождается укреплением позиций внесистемных кандидатов. При этом традиционные партии, например правоцентристская партия «Республиканцы», также пытаются адаптироваться к меняющимся настроениям электората. Они перенимают отдельные лозунги евроскептиков и их жесткую риторику в отношении ЕС. Как отмечает автор, тем самым они повторяют путь Консервативной партии Великобритании, который привел ее к проведению референдума о членстве страны в Евросоюзе. В статье делается вывод, что поражение Марин Ле Пен на президентских выборах 2017 г. не означает поражения французского евроскептицизма. Напротив, евроскептики и националисты окончательно перестали быть маргиналами и лишь укрепили свои позиции, поэтому возможность прихода к власти во Франции «мадам президент» исключать нельзя.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, victorious for the Brexit supporters, has become one of the most discussed international political events of 2016 and forced policy makers and academics to take a fresh look at prospects of the European integration. In this connection a case of France is of special interest. The author emphasizes that although France was one of the founding members of all European institutions, Paris has always been a difficult partner to Brussels, and Euroscepticism has deep roots in France. The paper examines the genesis and subsequent evolution of the French Euroscepticism and identifies current political positions of the Eurosceptic parties in France. In that context the author emphasizes that Euroscepticism is usually associated with far-right and nationalist political forces but in France it is also represented by left-wing parties. For example, a democratic socialist political party ‘La France Insoumise’, led by Jean-Luc Mélenchon, who won an impressive 18 percent of the votes in the last presidential elections, harshly criticizes Brussel and does not rule out the possibility of France leaving the EU. The paper notes a general trend towards political polarization in the French society, accompanied by strengthening of the non-systemic candidates’ positions. At the same time traditional political parties, such as rightcenter ‘Les Républicains’, seek to adapt to changing preferences of the French electorate. They adopt certain Eurosceptic slogans and strident rhetoric against the EU. The author notes, that in doing so they follow the road travelled by the Conservative Party of Great Britain, which ended up in the European Union membership referendum. The author concludes that Marine Le Pen’s presidential electoral defeat in 2017 does not imply a defeat of the French Euroscepticism. On the contrary, both Eurosceptics and nationalists ceased to be marginalized and have strengthened their positions. Therefore, the possibility of Marine Le Pen’s assumption of the presidency should not be ruled out.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Франция</kwd><kwd>евроскептицизм</kwd><kwd>«Национальный фронт»</kwd><kwd>Марин Ле Пен</kwd><kwd>«Непокоренная Франция»</kwd><kwd>Жан-Люк Меланшон</kwd><kwd>«Республиканцы»</kwd><kwd>Франсуа Фийон</kwd><kwd>Европейский союз</kwd><kwd>«Брекзит»</kwd><kwd>благожелательный консенсус</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>France</kwd><kwd>Euroscepticism</kwd><kwd>‘Front National’</kwd><kwd>Marine Le Pen</kwd><kwd>‘La France Insoumise’</kwd><kwd>Jean-Luc Mélenchon</kwd><kwd>‘Les Républicains’</kwd><kwd>François Fillon</kwd><kwd>the European Union</kwd><kwd>Brexit</kwd><kwd>permissive consensus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бышок С. Новая Европа Владимира Путина. Уроки Запада для России. 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